Na U Hloka Matla a AC kapa a DC? Tataiso e Felletseng ea ho Khetha Mofuta o Nepahetseng oa Hona Joale

Lefatšeng la rona le nang le motlakase, ho utloisisa hore na o hloka motlakase o mong (AC) kapa motlakase o tobileng (DC) ke ntho ea bohlokoa ho fehleng lisebelisoa ka katleho, ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le ka theko e tlaase. Tataiso ena e tebileng e hlahloba liphapang tsa bohlokoa lipakeng tsa AC le DC, lits'ebetso tsa tsona tse fapaneng, le mokhoa oa ho khetholla hore na ke mofuta ofe oa hona joale o loketseng litlhoko tsa hau tse ikhethileng.

Ho utloisisa Matla a AC le a DC

Liphapang tsa Motheo

Papiso ea Waveform

• AC: Leqhubu la sine (le tloaelehileng), leqhubu la sekwere, kapa leqhubu la sine le fetotsoeng
• DC: Motlakase oa mohala o bataletseng (DC e pulsed e teng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ling)

Ha ka 'Nete U Hloka Matla a AC

1. Lisebelisoa tsa Lapeng

Matlo a mangata a fumana motlakase oa AC hobane:

• Meralo ea motheo ea khale: E etselitsoe AC ho tloha Ntoeng ea Metsi
• Ho lumellana ha transformer: Phetoho e bonolo ea motlakase
• Ts'ebetso ea enjene: Li-motor tsa induction tsa AC li bonolo/li theko e tlase

Lisebelisoa tse hlokang AC:

• Lihatsetsi
• Li-air conditioner
• Mechini ea ho hlatsoa
• Mabone a incandescent
• Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa setso

2. Lisebelisoa tsa Liindasteri

Lifeme li itšetleha ka AC bakeng sa:

• Matla a mekhahlelo e meraro(bokgoni bo phahameng)
• Lienjene tse kholo(taolo e bonolo ea lebelo)
• Kabo ea sebaka se selelele

Mehlala:

• Lipompo tsa indasteri
• Mekhoa ea ho tsamaisa thepa
• Li-compressor tse kholo
• Lisebelisoa tsa mochini

3. Sistimi e hokahaneng le Gridi

Matla a ts'ebeliso ke a AC hobane:

• Tahlehelo e tlase ea phetiso ka motlakase o phahameng
• Phetoho e bonolo ea motlakase
• Ho lumellana ha jenereithara

Ha Matla a DC a le Bohlokoa

1. Lisebelisoa tsa Elektroniki

Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale li hloka DC hobane:

• Li-semiconductor li hloka motlakase o tsitsitseng
• Litlhoko tsa nako e nepahetseng
• Kutloisiso ea polarity ea likarolo

Lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke DC:

• Li-smartphone/lilaptop
• Mabone a LED
• Lik'homphieutha/liseva
• Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa likoloi
• Li-implant tsa bongaka

2. Mekhoa ea Matla a Nchafatsoang

Liphanele tsa letsatsi ka tlhaho li hlahisa DC:

• Lihlopha tsa letsatsi: 30-600V DC
• Libetri: Motlakase oa DC oa lebenkele
• Libetri tsa motlakase: 400-800V DC

3. Mekhoa ea Lipalangoang

Likoloi li sebelisa DC bakeng sa:

• Lienjene tsa ho qala(12V/24V)
• Mechini ea motlakase ea motlakase(DC e nang le motlakase o phahameng)
• Lifofane(botšepehi)

4. Mehala ea puisano

Melemo ea DC:

• Ho tsamaisana ha betri le bekapo
• Ha ho na ho hokahanya maqhubu
• Motlakase o hloekileng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse bonolo

Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa tsa Liqeto

1. Litlhoko tsa Sesebelisoa

Tlhahlobo:

• Li-label tse kenang lisebelisoa
• Liphetho tsa adaptara ea motlakase
• Litlhaloso tsa moetsi

2. Mohloli oa Matla o Fumanehang

Nahana ka:

• Matla a gridi (hangata AC)
• Betri/letsatsi la letsatsi (hangata DC)
• Mofuta oa jenereithara

3. Mehopolo ea Sebaka

• Sebaka se selelele: AC e sebetsa hantle haholo
• Sebaka se sekhutšoanyane: Hangata DC e betere

4. Bokgoni ba Phetoho

Phetoho ka 'ngoe e lahleheloa ke matla a 5-20%:

• AC→DC (tokiso)
• DC→AC (phetoho)

Phetoho Pakeng tsa AC le DC

Phetoho ea AC ho ea ho DC

Mekhoa:

1. Lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa lintho
   • Leqhubu le halofo (le bonolo)
   • Leqhubu le felletseng (le sebetsang hantle haholoanyane)
   • Borokho (bo atileng haholo)
2. Lisebelisoa tsa Matla tsa Mokhoa o Fetotsoeng
   • E sebetsa hantle haholo (85-95%)
   • E bobebe/e nyane

Phetoho ea DC ho ea ho AC

Mekhoa:

1. Li-inverter
   • Leqhubu la sine le fetotsoeng (le theko e tlase)
   • Leqhubu le hloekileng la sine (le bolokehileng ka elektroniki)
   • Thae ea gridi (bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa letsatsi)

Mekhoa e Hlahang ea Phano ea Motlakase

1. Li-Microgrid tsa DC

Melemo:

• Tahlehelo e fokotsehileng ea phetoho
• Kopanyo e betere ea letsatsi/betri
• E sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale

2. Phetiso ea DC e nang le Voltage e Phahameng

Melemo:

• Tahlehelo e tlase maetong a malelele haholo
• Lisebelisoa tsa cable tlas'a leoatle
• Kopanyo ea matla a nchafatsoang

3. Phano ea Matla a USB

Ho atoloha ho:

• Matla a ho laola a phahameng (ho fihlela ho 240W)
• Lisebelisoa tsa lapeng/ofising
• Mekhoa ea likoloi

Mehopolo ea Polokeho

Likotsi tsa AC

• Kotsi e phahameng ea ho tšoha ho bolaeang
• Likotsi tsa ho phatloha ha arc
• E hloka ho thibela ho ruruha ho eketsehileng

Likotsi tsa DC

• Li-arcs tse tsitsitseng
• Likotsi tsa potoloho e khuts'oane ea betri
• Tšenyo e amang polarity

Papiso ea Litšenyehelo

Litšenyehelo tsa ho kenya

Litšenyehelo tsa Ts'ebetso

• Hangata DC e sebetsa hantle haholo (liphetoho tse fokolang)
• Meralo ea motheo ea AC e thehiloe haholoanyane

Mokhoa oa ho Fumana Litlhoko tsa Hao

Bakeng sa Beng ba Matlo

1. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng: AC
2. Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki: DC (e fetoletsoe sesebelisoa)
3. Mekhoa ea letsatsiKa bobeli (tlhahiso ea DC, kabo ea AC)

Bakeng sa Likhoebo

1. Liofisi: Haholo-holo ke AC le lihlekehleke tsa DC
2. Litsi tsa data: Ho ea kabong ea DC
3. Indasteri: Boholo ba AC e nang le li-control tsa DC

Bakeng sa Lisebelisoa tsa Selefouno/Hole

1. Li-RV/likepe: E tsoakiloe (AC ka inverter ha ho hlokahala)
2. Likamore tse kantle ho gridi: DC-centric e nang le bekapo ea AC
3. Lisebelisoa tsa masimoKa tloaelo DC

Bokamoso ba Kabo ea Matla

Sebaka se ntseng se fetoha se fana ka maikutlo a latelang:

• Marangrang a mang a DC a lehae
• Mekhoa ea AC/DC e kopaneng
• Bafetoleli ba bohlale ba laolang ka bobeli
• Kopanyo ea DC ea koloi ho ea ho gridi

Litlhahiso tsa Litsebi

Nako ea ho Khetha AC

• Ho matlafatsa dienjini/disebediswa tsa setso
• Mekhoa e hokahaneng le gridi
• Ha ho tsamaellana ha lefa ho le bohlokoa

Nako ea ho Khetha DC

• Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki
• Mekhoa ea matla a nchafatsoang
• Ha bokgoni bo le bohlokwa

Litharollo tsa Motsoako

Nahana ka litsamaiso tse latelang:

• Sebelisa AC bakeng sa kabo
• Fetolela ho DC sebakeng sa heno
• Fokotsa mehato ea phetoho

Liphoso Tse Tloaelehileng Tse Lokelang ho Qojoa

1. Haeba disebediswa tsohle di sebedisa AC
   • Lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale li hlile li hloka DC
2. Ho hlokomoloha tahlehelo ea phetoho
   • Phetoho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea AC/DC e senya matla
3. Ho hlokomoloha litlhoko tsa motlakase
   • Bapisa mofuta oa hona joale LE motlakase
4. Ho hlokomoloha maemo a polokeho
   • Mekhoa e fapaneng ea AC khahlanong le DC

Mehlala e Sebetsang

Sistimi ea Letsatsi ea Lapeng

1. DC: Liphanele tsa letsatsi → molaoli oa tjhaja → libeteri
2. AC: Inverter → lipotoloho tsa malapa
3. DC: Li-adapter tsa motlakase tsa sesebelisoa

Koloi ea Motlakase

1. DC: Betri ea ho hula → molaoli oa enjene
2. AC: Chaja e ka hare ho sekepe (bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC)
3. DC: Litsamaiso tsa 12V ka sesebelisoa sa ho fetolela sa DC-DC

Setsi sa Lintlha

1. AC: Ho kenya motlakase oa ts'ebeliso
2. DCPhetoho ea lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa seva
3. Bokamoso: Kabo e ka bang teng ea 380V DC e tobileng

Qeto: Ho Etsa Khetho e Nepahetseng

Ho fumana hore na o hloka motlakase oa AC kapa oa DC ho latela:

1. Litlhoko tsa lisebelisoa tsa hau
2. Mehloli ea motlakase e fumanehang
3. Lintho tse lokelang ho nahanoa ka sebaka
4. Litlhoko tsa katleho
5. Ho ka hola ha nako e tlang

Leha AC e ntse e le eona e laolang kabo ea gridi, DC e ntse e ba ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa sejoale-joale le litsamaiso tsa matla a nchafatsoang. Litharollo tse sebetsang hantle ka ho fetisisa hangata li kenyelletsa:

• AC bakeng sa phetiso ea motlakase e hole
• DC bakeng sa kabo ea lehae ha ho khoneha
• Ho fokotsa phetoho lipakeng tsa tse peli

Ha theknoloji e ntse e fetoha, re ntse re leba litsamaisong tse kopaneng haholoanyane tse laolang mefuta ena ka bobeli ea hona joale ka bohlale. Ho utloisisa metheo ena ho netefatsa hore u etsa liqeto tse ntle tsa motlakase ebang ke ho rala sistimi ea letsatsi ea lapeng, ho haha ​​​​setsi sa indasteri, kapa ho tjhaja smartphone ea hau feela.