Ha 'maraka oa likoloi tsa motlakase (EV) o ntse o hola lefats'eng ka bophara, tlhoko ea meaho e tsitsitseng le e sebetsang ea ho tjhaja e ntse e ba bohlokoa le ho feta. Libaka tse fapaneng li amohetse litekanyetso tse fapaneng ho sebetsana le litlhoko tsa tsona tse khethehileng tsa matla, tikoloho ea taolo le bokhoni ba theknoloji. Sengoliloeng sena se fana ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea litekanyetso tsa mantlha tsa ho tjhaja EV ho pholletsa le United States, Europe, China, Japan, le sistimi ea thepa ea Tesla, e hlakisa maemo a motlakase le litlhokahalo tsa hajoale, litlamorao tsa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja, le maano a sebetsang a ntlafatso ea litšebeletso.
United States: SAE J1772 le CCS
United States, litekanyetso tse sebelisoang haholo tsa ho tjhaja EV ke SAE J1772 bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka AC le Combined Charging System (CCS) bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC le DC. Tekanyetso ea SAE J1772, eo hape e tsejoang e le plug ea J, e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tjhaja Level 1 le Level 2 AC. Ho tjhaja ha Level 1 ho sebetsa ho 120 volts (V) le ho fihla ho 16 amperes (A), ho fana ka tlhahiso ea matla e fihlang ho 1.92 kilowatts (kW). Ho tjhaja ha Level 2 ho sebetsa ho 240V le ho fihla ho 80A, ho fana ka tlhahiso ea matla e fihlang ho 19.2 kW.
Tekanyetso ea CCS e ts'ehetsa matla a holimo a ho tjhaja ka potlako a DC, 'me lijaja tse tloaelehileng tsa DC Amerika li fana ka pakeng tsa 50 kW le 350 kW ho 200 ho isa ho 1000 volts le ho fihla ho 500A. Tekanyetso ena e nolofalletsa ho tjhaja ka potlako, ho etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa maeto a malelele le tsa khoebo.
Litlhoko tsa Mahlale:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kena: Li-charger tsa AC (Boemo ba 1 le Boemo ba 2) li batla li le theko e tlaase ho li kenya 'me li ka kopanngoa le thepa ea bolulo le ea khoebo le mekhoa ea motlakase e teng.
Boteng ba Matla:Li-charger tse potlakileng tsa DCe hloka lintlafatso tse kholo tsa meaho ea motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa likhokelo tsa motlakase tse matla haholo le litsamaiso tse matla tsa ho pholisa ho laola pheliso ea mocheso.
Boikamahanyo ba Taolo: Ho latela melao ya meaho ya lehae le maemo a polokeho ho bohlokwa bakeng sa phepelo e bolokehileng ya diteishene tsa ho tjhaja.
Europe: Mofuta oa 2 le CCS
Europe e sebelisa haholo sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 2, se tsejoang hape e le sehokelo sa Mennekes, bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka AC le CCS bakeng sa ho tjhaja DC. Sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 2 se etselitsoe ho tjhaja AC ka mohato o le mong le oa mekhahlelo e meraro. Ho tjhaja ka mohato o le mong ho sebetsa ho 230V le ho fihla ho 32A, ho fana ka 7.4 kW. Ho tjhaja mehato e meraro ho ka isa ho 43 kW ho 400V le 63A.
CCS ea Europe, e tsejoang ka hore ke CCS2, e ts'ehetsa ho tjhaja ha AC le DC.Li-charger tse potlakileng tsa DCEurope ka tloaelo e fapana ho tloha ho 50 kW ho ea ho 350 kW, e sebetsang ka matla a pakeng tsa 200V le 1000V le maqhubu a fihlang ho 500A.
Litlhoko tsa Mahlale:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kena: Lijaja tsa mofuta oa 2 li batla li otlolohile ho li kenya 'me li tsamaisana le litsamaiso tse ngata tsa motlakase tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo.
Ho ba Teng ha Motlakase: Litlhokahalo tse phahameng tsa matla a charger tsa DC tse potlakileng li hloka matsete a bohlokoa a litšebeletso, ho kenyeletsoa lithapo tsa motlakase o phahameng le litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tsa taolo ea mocheso.
Tumellano ea Taolo: Ho lumellana le maemo a thata a EU a polokeho le ts'ebelisano 'moho ho netefatsa ho amoheloa le ho tšepahala ha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV.
China: GB/T Standard
China e sebelisa maemo a GB/T bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC le DC ka bobeli. Tekanyetso ea GB/T 20234.2 e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC, ho tjhaja ha mokhahlelo o le mong ho sebetsa ho 220V le ho fihla ho 32A, ho fana ka ho fihla ho 7.04 kW. Ho tjhaja ka mekhahlelo e meraro ho sebetsa ho 380V le ho fihla ho 63A, ho fana ka 43.8 kW.
Bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako ho DC, theGB/T 20234.3 e tloaelehilenge ts'ehetsa matla a matla ho tloha ho 30 kW ho isa ho 360 kW, ka matla a ho sebetsa ho tloha ho 200V ho isa ho 1000V le maqhubu a fihlang ho 400A.
Litlhoko tsa Mahlale:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kena: Lijaja tsa AC tse ipapisitseng le maemo a GB/T li na le litšenyehelo tse tlase 'me li ka kopanngoa le libaka tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa sechaba ka lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse teng.
Ho ba Teng ha Motlakase: Lijaja tse potlakileng tsa DC li hloka lintlafatso tse kholo tsa meaho ea motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tsa matla a holimo le litsamaiso tse pholileng tse sebetsang hantle ho laola mocheso o hlahisoang nakong ea ho tjhaja matla a phahameng.
Tumellano ea Taolo: Ho netefatsa ho tsamaellana le maemo a naha ea China le melaoana ea polokeho ho bohlokoa bakeng sa phepelo e bolokehileng le e sebetsang ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV.
Japane: CHAdeMO Standard
Haholo-holo Japane e sebelisa maemo a CHAdeMO bakeng sa ho tjhaja DC ka potlako. CHAdeMO e ts'ehetsa matla a tsoang ho 50 kW ho isa ho 400 kW, ka matla a ho sebetsa a pakeng tsa 200V le 1000V le maqhubu a fihlang ho 400A. Bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC, Japane e sebelisa sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 1 (J1772), se sebetsang ho 100V kapa 200V bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka mohato o le mong, se nang le matla a ho fihla ho 6 kW.
Litlhoko tsa Mahlale:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kena: Lijaja tsa AC tse sebelisang sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 1 li batla li le bonolo ebile ha li bitse chelete e ngata ho li kenya libakeng tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo.
Ho ba Teng ha Motlakase: Lijaja tse potlakileng tsa DC tse ipapisitseng le maemo a CHAdeMO li hloka matsete a mangata a litšebeletso tsa motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa lithapo tsa motlakase o phahameng le lisebelisoa tse pholileng tsa maemo a holimo.
Tumellano ea Taolo: Ho ikamahanya le maemo a thata a tšireletseho le tšebelisano-'moho ea Japane ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang le tlhokomelo ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV.
Tesla: Proprietary Supercharger Network
Tesla e sebelisa mokhoa oa ho tjhaja thepa bakeng sa marang-rang a eona a Supercharger, e fanang ka ho tjhaja DC ka lebelo le phahameng. Tesla Supercharger e ka fana ka 250 kW, e sebetsa ho 480V le ho fihla ho 500A. Likoloi tsa Tesla tsa Europe li na le likhokahano tsa CCS2, tse li lumellang ho sebelisa tjhaja e potlakileng ea CCS.
Litlhoko tsa Mahlale:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kena: Li-Supercharger tsa Tesla li kenyelletsa matsete a bohlokoa a meralo ea motheo, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tsa motlakase tse nang le matla a holimo le litsamaiso tse pholileng tse tsoetseng pele ho sebetsana le matla a phahameng a matla.
Ho ba teng ha Motlakase: Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa matla a Supercharger li hloka lintlafatso tse inehetseng tsa meaho ea motlakase, hangata li hloka tšebelisano 'moho le lik'hamphani tse sebetsang.
Tumellano ea Taolo: Ho netefatsa hore ho tsamaellana le litekanyetso le melaoana ea polokeho ea libaka ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang le e bolokehileng ea marang-rang a Tesla's Supercharger.
Maano a Sebetsang a Ntlafatso ea Seteishene sa ho Chaja
Moralo oa Leano la Sebaka:
Libaka tsa Litoropo: Tsepamisa maikutlo ho kenyeng lichaja tsa AC libakeng tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa sechaba ho fana ka likhetho tse bonolo, tse liehang ho tjhaja bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi.
Litsela tse kholo le tse Tsamaeang Tse Hole: Kenya lichaja tse potlakileng tsa DC nako le nako litseleng tse kholo le litseleng tse telele ho thusa ho lefisa baeti ka potlako.
Litsi tsa Khoebo: Kenya lichaja tse potlakileng tsa DC tse nang le matla a phahameng libakeng tsa khoebo, litsing tsa thepa le litsing tsa likepe ho tšehetsa tšebetso ea EV ea khoebo.
Likamano tsa Sechaba le tsa Poraefete:
Sebelisana 'moho le mebuso ea libaka, lik'hamphani tse sebetsang, le likhoebo tsa poraefete ho tšehetsa le ho tsamaisa litšebeletso tsa motheo tse tjhafisang.
Khothaletsa likhoebo le beng ba thepa ho kenya lichaja tsa EV ka ho fana ka likalimo tsa lekhetho, lithuso le lithuso.
Boemo le Tšebelisano:
Khothaletsa ho amoheloa ha litekanyetso tsa ho tjhaja hohle ho netefatsa tšebelisano lipakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-EV le marang-rang a ho tjhaja.
Kenya ts'ebetsong liprothokholo tsa puisano tse bulehileng ho lumella kopanyo e se nang moeli ea marang-rang a fapaneng a ho tjhaja, ho nolofalletsa basebelisi ho fihlella bafani ba bangata ba tjhajang ka ak'haonte e le 'ngoe.
Kopanyo ea Grid le Taolo ea Matla:
Kopanya diteishene tsa ho tjhaja le ditheknoloji tsa marang-rang tse bohlale ho laola tlhokeho ya eneji le phepelo ka bokgabane.
Kenya ts'ebetsong litharollo tsa polokelo ea matla, joalo ka libeteri kapa litsamaiso tsa koloi-to-grid (V2G), ho leka-lekanya tlhokeho e phahameng le ho matlafatsa botsitso ba grid.
Boiphihlelo ba mosebelisi le phihlello:
Netefatsa hore liteishene tsa ho tjhaja li bonolo ho sebelisoa, li na le litaelo tse hlakileng le mekhoa ea ho lefa e fumanehang habonolo.
Fana ka lintlha tsa nako ea 'nete mabapi le ho ba teng ha tjhaja le boemo ka lisebelisoa tsa mohala le litsamaiso tsa ho tsamaea.
Tlhokomelo le Lintlafatso tsa Kamehla:
Theha liprothokholo tsa tlhokomelo ho netefatsa ts'epo le ts'ireletseho ea lits'ebetso tsa ho tjhaja.
Rera lintlafatso tsa khafetsa ho ts'ehetsa lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa motlakase le tsoelopele e ncha ea thekenoloji.
Qetellong, litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa ho tjhaja libakeng tse fapaneng li totobatsa tlhoko ea mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng oa nts'etsopele ea meaho ea EV. Ka ho utloisisa le ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa boemo bo bong le bo bong, ba amehang ba ka haha ka katleho marang-rang a phethahetseng le a ka tšeptjoang a ho tjhaja a tšehetsang phetoho ea lefats'e ea ho tsamaea ka motlakase.
Iteanye le rona:
Bakeng sa lipuisano le lipotso mabapi le litharollo tsa rona tsa ho tjhaja, ka kopo ikopanye le Lesley:
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Nako ea poso: May-25-2024
