Ha 'maraka oa likoloi tsa motlakase (EV) o ntse o hola lefatšeng ka bophara, tlhoko ea meralo ea motheo ea ho tjhaja e tloaelehileng le e sebetsang hantle e ntse e ba ea bohlokoa haholo. Libaka tse fapaneng li amohetse maemo a fapaneng ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tsona tse ikhethang tsa motlakase, libaka tsa taolo le bokhoni ba theknoloji. Sengoloa sena se fana ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea maemo a mantlha a ho tjhaja EV ho pholletsa le sistimi ea beng ba eona ea United States, Europe, China, Japane le Tesla, e hlalosang litlhoko tse tloaelehileng tsa motlakase le tsa hajoale, litlamorao tsa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja, le maano a sebetsang a nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo.
United States: SAE J1772 le CCS
United States, maemo a sebelisoang haholo a ho tjhaja motlakase oa EV ke SAE J1772 bakeng sa ho tjhaja motlakase oa AC le Combined Charging System (CCS) bakeng sa ho tjhaja motlakase oa AC le oa DC. Maemo a SAE J1772, a tsejoang hape e le J plug, a sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho tjhaja motlakase oa Boemo ba 1 le Boemo ba 2 ba AC. Ho tjhaja motlakase oa Boemo ba 1 ho sebetsa ka li-volts tse 120 (V) le ho fihlela ho li-ampere tse 16 (A), ho fana ka matla a fihlang ho li-kilowatts tse 1.92 (kW). Ho tjhaja motlakase oa Boemo ba 2 ho sebetsa ka 240V le ho fihlela ho 80A, ho fana ka matla a fihlang ho 19.2 kW.
Tekanyetso ea CCS e tšehetsa ho tjhaja ka potlako ha DC ka matla a holimo, ka litjhaja tse tloaelehileng tsa DC US tse fanang ka pakeng tsa 50 kW le 350 kW ka li-volts tse 200 ho isa ho tse 1000 le ho fihlela ho 500A. Tekanyetso ena e nolofalletsa ho tjhaja ka potlako, e leng se etsang hore e lokele maeto a malelele le lits'ebetso tsa khoebo.
Litlhoko tsa Meralo ea Motheo:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kenya: Litjhaja tsa AC (Boemo ba 1 le Boemo ba 2) li theko e tlase haholo ho li kenya 'me li ka kopanngoa le matlo a bolulo le a khoebo le litsamaiso tsa motlakase tse seng li ntse li le teng.
Boteng ba Motlakase:Litjhaja tse potlakileng tsa DCe hloka ntlafatso e kholo ea meralo ea motheo ea motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa le likhokahano tsa motlakase tse nang le bokhoni bo phahameng le litsamaiso tse matla tsa ho pholisa ho laola ho qhala ha mocheso.
Ho Latela Melao: Ho latela melao ea meaho ea lehae le litekanyetso tsa polokeho ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho kenngoa ha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
Europe: Mofuta oa 2 le CCS
Europe e sebelisa haholo-holo sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 2, se tsejoang hape e le sehokelo sa Mennekes, bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC le CCS bakeng sa ho tjhaja DC. Sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 2 se etselitsoe ho tjhaja AC ea mohato o le mong le ea mekhahlelo e meraro. Ho tjhaja ha mohato o le mong ho sebetsa ho 230V le ho fihlela ho 32A, ho fana ka ho fihla ho 7.4 kW. Ho tjhaja ha mekhahlelo e meraro ho ka fana ka ho fihla ho 43 kW ho 400V le 63A.
CCS Europe, e tsejoang e le CCS2, e tšehetsa ho tjhaja ha AC le DC.Litjhaja tse potlakileng tsa DCEurope hangata e tloha ho 50 kW ho isa ho 350 kW, e sebetsang ka di-voltage tse pakeng tsa 200V le 1000V le maqhubu a fihlang ho 500A.
Litlhoko tsa Meralo ea Motheo:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kenya: Litjhaja tsa mofuta oa 2 li bonolo ho li kenya 'me lia lumellana le litsamaiso tse ngata tsa motlakase tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo.
Boteng ba Motlakase: Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa motlakase tsa li-DC fast charger li hloka matsete a bohlokoa a meralo ea motheo, ho kenyeletsoa le lithapo tse inehetseng tsa motlakase o phahameng le litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tsa taolo ea mocheso.
Ho Latela Melao: Ho latela melao e thata ea polokeho le tšebelisano-'moho ea EU ho netefatsa hore liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV li amoheloa ka bongata le ho tšepahala.
Chaena: Tekanyetso ea GB/T
Chaena e sebelisa maemo a GB/T bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC le DC. Maemo a GB/T 20234.2 a sebediswa bakeng sa ho tjhaja AC, ka ho tjhaja ha mokgahlelo o le mong ho sebetsa ho 220V le ho fihla ho 32A, ho fana ka ho fihla ho 7.04 kW. Ho tjhaja ha mokgahlelo o meraro ho sebetsa ho 380V le ho fihla ho 63A, ho fana ka ho fihla ho 43.8 kW.
Bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako ha DC,Tekanyetso ea GB/T 20234.3e tšehetsa maemo a matla ho tloha ho 30 kW ho isa ho 360 kW, ka li-voltage tse sebetsang ho tloha ho 200V ho isa ho 1000V le maqhubu a fihlang ho 400A.
Litlhoko tsa Meralo ea Motheo:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kenya: Litjhaja tsa AC tse ipapisitseng le maemo a GB/T li theko e tlase 'me li ka kopanngoa le libaka tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa sechaba tse nang le meralo ea motheo ea motlakase e seng e ntse e le teng.
Boteng ba Motlakase: Li-charger tse potlakileng tsa DC li hloka ntlafatso e kholo ea meralo ea motheo ea motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tse nang le bokhoni bo phahameng le litsamaiso tse sebetsang tsa ho pholisa ho laola mocheso o hlahisoang nakong ea ho tjhaja ka matla a phahameng.
Ho Latela Melao: Ho netefatsa hore ho latela maemo a naha a Chaena le melaoana ea polokeho ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho kenngoa ha liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le o sebetsang hantle.
Japane: ChadeMO Standard
Japane e sebedisa haholo-holo maemo a CHAdeMO bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako ha DC. CHAdeMO e tshehetsa di-output tsa motlakase ho tloha ho 50 kW ho isa ho 400 kW, ka di-voltage tse sebetsang pakeng tsa 200V le 1000V le di-current tse fihlang ho 400A. Bakeng sa ho tjhaja ha AC, Japane e sebedisa sehokelo sa Mofuta wa 1 (J1772), se sebetsang ho 100V kapa 200V bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka mohato o le mong, ka di-output tsa motlakase tse fihlang ho 6 kW.
Litlhoko tsa Meralo ea Motheo:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kenya: Litjhaja tsa AC tse sebelisang sehokelo sa Mofuta oa 1 li bonolo haholo ebile li theko e tlase ho li kenya libakeng tsa bolulo le tsa khoebo.
Boteng ba Motlakase: Litjhajara tse potlakileng tsa DC tse ipapisitseng le maemo a CHAdeMO li hloka matsete a maholo a meralo ea motheo ea motlakase, ho kenyeletsoa le mela e inehetseng ea motlakase o phahameng le litsamaiso tse rarahaneng tsa ho pholisa.
Ho Latela Melao: Ho latela maemo a thata a polokeho le tšebelisano-'moho ea Japane ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang le tlhokomelo ea liteishene tsa ho tjhaja tsa EV.
Tesla: Netweke ea Proprietary Supercharger
Tesla e sebelisa tekanyetso ea ho tjhaja e ikhethileng bakeng sa marang-rang a eona a Supercharger, e fanang ka ho tjhaja ka potlako ka lebelo le phahameng la DC. Tesla Superchargers e ka fana ka matla a fihlang ho 250 kW, a sebetsang ka 480V le ho fihla ho 500A. Likoloi tsa Tesla Europe li na le lihokelo tsa CCS2, tse li lumellang ho sebelisa li-charger tse potlakileng tsa CCS.
Litlhoko tsa Meralo ea Motheo:
Litšenyehelo tsa ho Kenya: Li-Supercharger tsa Tesla li kenyelletsa matsete a bohlokoa a meralo ea motheo, ho kenyeletsoa likhokahano tsa motlakase tse nang le matla a mangata le litsamaiso tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho pholisa ho sebetsana le tlhahiso e phahameng ea motlakase.
Ho Fumaneha ha Motlakase: Litlhoko tse phahameng tsa motlakase tsa Superchargers li hloka ntlafatso e inehetseng ea meralo ea motheo ea motlakase, hangata e hlokang tšebelisano-'moho le lik'hamphani tsa litšebeletso tsa motlakase.
Ho Latela Melao: Ho netefatsa hore ho latela melao le melaoana ea polokeho ea libaka ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang le e sireletsehileng ea marang-rang a Tesla a Supercharger.
Maano a Sebetsang a Ntlafatso ea Liteishene tsa ho Tjhaja
Moralo oa Sebaka sa Maano:
Libaka tsa Metse: Tsepamisa maikutlo ho kenyeng li-AC charger libakeng tsa bolulo, tsa khoebo le tsa sechaba tsa ho paka makoloi ho fana ka likhetho tse bonolo le tse liehang tsa ho tjhaja bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi.
Litsela tse Kholo le Litsela tse Hole: Kenya li-DC fast charger khafetsa litseleng tse kholo le litseleng tse telele ho nolofatsa ho tjhaja ka potlako bakeng sa baeti.
Li-Hub tsa Khoebo: Kenya li-charger tse potlakileng tsa DC tse matla haholo libakeng tsa khoebo, litsing tsa thepa le libaka tsa polokelo ea likepe ho tšehetsa ts'ebetso ea EV ea khoebo.
Likamano tsa Sechaba le tsa Poraefete:
Sebelisana le mebuso ea lehae, lik'hamphani tsa litšebeletso tsa motlakase le likhoebo tse ikemetseng ho tšehetsa le ho kenya tšebetsong meralo ea motheo ea ho tjhaja.
Khothaletsa likhoebo le beng ba matlo ho kenya litjhaja tsa EV ka ho fana ka mekitlane ea lekhetho, lithuso le lithuso.
Ho beha maemo le ho sebelisana 'moho:
Khothaletsa ho amoheloa ha maemo a ho tjhaja a akaretsang ho netefatsa hore ho ka sebetsanwa le mefuta e fapaneng ya EV le marangrang a ho tjhaja.
Kenya tshebetsong diprothokholo tsa puisano e bulehileng ho dumella kopanyo e se nang sekoli ya marangrang a fapaneng a ho tjhaja, e leng se nolofalletsang basebedisi ho fihlella bafani ba bangata ba ho tjhaja ka akhaonto e le nngwe.
Kopanyo ea Grid le Tsamaiso ea Matla:
Kopanya liteishene tsa ho tjhaja le mahlale a bohlale a gridi ho laola tlhokeho ya eneji le phepelo ka bokgabane.
Kenya tshebetsong ditharollo tsa polokelo ya eneji, tse kang dibetri kapa ditsamaiso tsa ho tloha ho koloi ho ya ho gridi (V2G), ho leka-lekanya tlhokeho e kgolo le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba gridi.
Phihlelo ea Mosebelisi le Phihlello:
Etsa bonnete ba hore liteishene tsa ho tjhaja di bonolo ho di sebedisa, di na le ditaelo tse hlakileng le dikgetho tsa ho lefa tse fumanehang habonolo.
Fana ka tlhahisoleseding ea nako ea sebele mabapi le ho fumaneha ha tjhaja le boemo ka lisebelisoa tsa mehala ea thekeng le litsamaiso tsa ho tsamaea.
Tlhokomelo le Lintlafatso tsa Kamehla:
Theha mekhoa ea tlhokomelo ho netefatsa botšepehi le polokeho ea meralo ea motheo ea ho tjhaja.
Rera ho ntlafatsa motlakase khafetsa ho tšehetsa tlhahiso e phahameng ea motlakase le tsoelo-pele e ncha ea theknoloji.
Qetellong, maemo a fapaneng a ho tjhaja libakeng tse fapaneng a totobatsa tlhoko ea mokhoa o ikhethileng oa nts'etsopele ea meralo ea motheo ea EV. Ka ho utloisisa le ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse ikhethang tsa maemo ka 'ngoe, bankakarolo ba ka haha ka katleho marang-rang a felletseng le a tšepahalang a ho tjhaja a tšehetsang phetoho ea lefats'e ho ea ho tsamaiso ea motlakase.
Iteanye le rona:
Bakeng sa lipuisano tse ikhethileng le lipotso mabapi le litharollo tsa rona tsa ho tjhaja, ka kopo ikopanye le Lesley:
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Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-25-2024
